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“I confess I do not believe in time. I like to fold my magic carpet, after use, in such a way as to superimpose one part of the pattern upon another. Let visitors trip. And the highest enjoyment of timelessness―in a landscape selected at random―is when I stand among rare butterflies and their food plants.- nabokov
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A study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the variation in the pigmentation of skin colour in the diverse populations, is consistently correlated with the mean measured IQs of the various groups. (1) The notion that people's cognitive abilities can be ranked on a sort of hierarchical scale seems absurd. The main limitation of such a study design is the reasoning behind the causal basis of the correlation. The simple genetic association, due to cross-assortative mating and IQ versus a pleiotropic correlation, in which both of the phenotypically distinct, but correlated traits are manifested by one and the same gene. This is something for the 94 percent of (white) politicians sitting in the House of Commons to think about. (2)
This scientific correlation can be compared to the Age of Enlightenment of the 18th century, the intellectual and philosophical revolution which portrayed Europeans as the embodiment of intellect and beauty (3). These principles were later epitomised in the work of Immanuel Kant, who claimed that the colour of the individuals skin was “clear proof that what he said was stupid” (4: p. 38). Thinking about this more profoundly, the ideology of IQ and intellect was almost founded during the Age of Enlightenment. Therefore, are these scientific tests based on a concept which was created to heighten European superiority?
Blackness depicted as being synonymous with sin, whiteness with purity. Religious folklore overflows with stories of sin turning men black, to stories of black people being born in hell.
The unequivocal link between the psychological damage of the slavery movement and the development of the skin bleaching industry is distinguished by Deborah Gabriel (3). The imperialist domination over African nations ultimately ‘dehumanised’ those who were enslaved, thus establishing an exclusive standard of human beings, based on the superiority of the white race. Between 1526 and 1867, (6) approximately 12.5 million slaves were shipped from Africa to the West. Gabriel pursues this arguing that scars of this "tragic past" (3), developed through centuries of being perceived as “second-class”(3) citizens are inextricably linked to the development of the skin bleaching industry.
Thinking about the concept of colourism further, which Gabriel defines as an “internal form of racism” (3), disregards those with darker skin. Furthermore, Bodenhorn and Ruebeck (6) discuss that colourism developed during the slavery era in America, in reference to the fact that light-skinned slaves were disproportionately selected to work as house-slaves, whereas those with relatively darker-skin were forced into the fields. Developing further, it could be implied that a lighter skin tone was regarded as the basis for a better standard of living (5), which further highlights the exponential imperialist influence. Moreover, centuries of “irreparable cultural damage” (3) from enslavement has established the foundations for the phenomena of skin bleaching to this day.
This issue of colorism is reflected in the media in the forms of advertisement, magazines, movies, television and the internet. Mainstream media plays an important role in the construction of the black image, shaping society's understandings of blackness and beauty, often dissociating the one from the other. Another issue of colorism comes from privilege. Although many African Americans don't like to discuss the instances of colorism among their particular group, it has proved to a problem of privilege within the community. "If you are privileged, it means you are expected to contribute more, not less, than someone who is "underprivileged." But at the same time, your being in a position to do so may be subject to the same resentment that was directed at the privileges of the ancien regime (Crawford 2018)". Digging deeper into the term privilege within colorism, Crawford has used the idea of contribution. As in the African American community lighter skin gets more privileges because their skin is seen as a "beautiful contribution to society". Whether many like to discuss the accuracy of the issues of colorism in regards to privilege, has remained a big issue resulting on imperialism not only being a White and Black issue but, an issue in amongst the African American sin their community as well.
As argued by Deborah Gabriel (3): “Because white skin is personified as the beauty ideal, lighter skin women are seen as more beautiful than darker skinned women” (p. 28). Even though we live in a diverse society, popular culture keeps privileging light skinned women over their darker counterparts as they are closer to whiteness and eurocentric features. In 2005, four African American women (Halle Berry, Alicia Keys, Sophie Okonedo and Oprah Winfrey) appeared in People's Magazine list of “50 Most Beautiful People” but all of them except for Oprah Winfrey had a lighter complexion which is a product of their mix race heritage (8). Furthermore, the glorification of white beauty is clearly visible in the fashion industry which is dominated by fair skinned models (3). However, earlier studies have found that even black African American magazines such as Ebony leave little room for dark black women in their pages.(3) This highlights how the colorist bias is also embedded in the minds of the black community. Being light skin a marker of beauty and attractiveness, dark skinned women may suffer from low self esteem in a world that fails to represent them and that constantly rewards and values whiteness. In fact, researchers found that “a change in skin color from dark to light is associated with a .28 increment in self-esteem” (9). That is to say that colorism actively affects women's perception of their dark skinned self in a negative way. The issue is being brought to the attention of the international audience thanks to notable celebrities such as actress Nandita Das. In an interview with The Guardian, Kavitha Emmanuel, founder of Indian NGO Women of Worth, explains how the “Dark is Beautiful” campaign endorsed by the actress in 2009 “is standing up to bias toward lighter skin in India” (10).

During the nineteenth century, Great Britain was one of the leading Imperialist countries of the West and had colonies in India since the sixteen hundreds. At the end of the 19th Century, British emigration to India increased exponentially as the British Imperialist Government encouraged the ideological reproduction of the Empire (11). Nationalist British who moved to India considered themselves to be a superior race with respect to the black Indians. As they were a minority, the British were mainly interested in Indians for their army and as workforce while higher positions were reserved to the “whites” or in some cases to whiter skin Indians (12). The idea of a lighter skin ruling class being considered more privileged deeply embedded in the Indian culture such that even after independence in 1947 lighter skin was still considered more desirable (12). Market size for fairness cosmetics and creams in India is estimated to be approximately US$450 million today and the market growth rate for this cosmetic branch is 20% per annum (13). According to “A conjoint analyses of consumer preferences” by Dr. Ritesh K Patel (13) “It has been estimated that males constitute 20% of the total sales for fairness creams in India” and teens make up the 10% of sales of fairness skin cosmetics: these products have penetrated the Indian society as a whole.
Skin bleaching products are not only widely diffused in India, but can be found worldwide and are very easily available as we can see from Figure 1, a picture taken recently in central London. Also, internationally renowned Western cosmetics giants such as Garnier, which owns 7% of the total market share (13), are the main actors behind this obsession with fair complexion that continues to grow exponentially.
Figure 1. Skin bleaching cosmetic products found in London, 1 December 2018
Chaos theory studies how deterministic systems can exhibit unpredictable and highly sensitive behavior due to initial conditions, revealing complex patterns and underlying order in seemingly random systems.
"A bell tolls for hours that never were, and the city folds itself again."

The Quiet Engine lay beneath the oldest part of the City Hall, a vast, complex mechanism of clockwork, pressure plates, and unseen connections that linked every street, every home, every ripple of consequence. It was not a machine of metal, but of stone and living architecture—the true, dark heart of the lattice.
Vael stood aside, his gaze fixed on his exposed Marginalia. He did not follow. He did not resist. He was broken by the unveiling of his own pattern. “The cost is absolute,” he said, a final warning. “You will pay it, not just the city.”
Dorian, Sera, and Lysa descended into the dark. The air grew cold, smelling of ancient stone and the deep, silent current of the river. The floor hummed with the slow, steady rhythm of the Engine. It was enormous, a dark, spiraling chamber with lines of glowing, rhythmic energy marking the lattice itself. This was the place where all consequences were resolved, where all choices were fed back into the system to maintain equilibrium.
“The Engine records,” Lysa whispered. “It folds time, it re-routes life, it ensures the balance is maintained.” Dorian knew what to do. He reached into his coat and pulled out the single item that could never be accounted for, the one thing that broke the count: the pebble Maren had left, the one he had warmed in his palm. It was the symbol of the pure, arbitrary choice—a small, defiant imperfection.
He walked to the center of the chamber, where the pulsing light was strongest. He held the pebble aloft, then placed it precisely at the heart of the Engine. The stone of the lattice did not absorb it. Instead, the entire system reacted violently. The pulse of light faltered. The rhythm of the hum broke, replaced by a terrible, stuttering sound—a cry of a mechanism trying to calculate an absolute zero. The Engine was forced to accept a permanent, unresolvable irregularity at its core.
The city above them lurched. The noise of a thousand minor things breaking simultaneously echoed from the ceiling. Windows shattered, clocks chimed wildly, lamplighters’ beats were suddenly reversed. The ledger fractured.
But the city did not collapse. The lattice, instead of breaking, stretched. It incorporated the pebble as a new, permanent, central node of calculated, necessary chaos. The hum returned, but it was softer now, more varied. The light pulsated irregularly, reflecting the truth: the Engine was still running, but it now carried a scar, a permanent imperfection that could not be corrected, only accounted for.
Dorian, Sera, and Lysa stood still, waiting for the consequence. The air settled. The hum stabilized, a quiet engine that now contained a flaw. They had found the balance, not by destroying the system, but by forcing it to absorb the cost of its own humanity. The ledger was fractured, but the city had survived. They walked back into the city, now silent, now subtle, now watchful. The lattice pulsed faintly, patient and watchful. Minor nodes stabilized, but only barely. The ledger, fractured yet functional, recorded outcomes in spirals that stretched infinitely across streets and alleys.
Dorian exhaled, trembling. Sera did the same. Lyric and Talin remained poised, alert. The city had survived another cycle of comprehension, another wave of consequences. The lattice remained active, patient, indifferent. Shadows, fog, reflections — all returned to their places, but every node had been tested.
“Balance,” Sera whispered. “Or collapse. That is the choice. Always.” Dorian nodded. The lattice remained. The ledger persisted. And the city of Virelia, alive with subtle patterns, would continue to fold, twist, and test every node — for those who dared to perceive it, and for those who moved through it unaware.
The spiral was never-ending. The shadows never still.
"Reflections fracture, and the water hums with the weight of unseen choices."

The system's response was not a shockwave. It was a silence. A deep, heavy quiet that swallowed the hum of the city. Then, slowly, the ledgers on the shelves began to shift. Not dramatically, but minutely, one by one, tilting or sliding on the shelves. A single piece of paper drifted from a shelf and settled on Vael’s desk, covering the loaf of bread.
Vael remained still, his face pale, but his composure did not break. “The system is calculating the irregularity you introduced,” he said, his voice tight. “It will re-establish equilibrium. It always does.”
Sera took a step toward Vael. “We know what you do. You don't just record outcomes; you create them. You push the minor citizens just enough to maintain the balance of the whole. You’re not an auditor, Vael. You’re a conductor.”
Vael looked at her, and his eyes held a strange sorrow. “I am the clean hand of necessity. The engine runs on order. Without it, the city tears itself apart. I choose the lesser cruelty.”
Dorian moved to the shelves. He didn't touch the ledgers, but he looked at the titles—names, dates, routes, minor offenses. He understood now. Each book wasn't a record; it was a node, a physical anchor for a piece of the lattice. If they were disturbed… The thought was terrifying. The chaos would be absolute. He needed to find a node that was large enough to communicate, but small enough not to destroy the entire city.
Lysa, quick as a whisper, pointed to a small, thin ledger tucked away near the back. “That one. The ‘Virelia Marginalia.’ It’s the record of Vael’s personal, unsigned corrections. The ones he keeps hidden from the official system. The true cost.” As Dorian reached for the book, Vael moved. Not with violence, but with a terrifying precision, like a machine executing a programmed command. He slapped his hand down onto Sera’s opened ledger, flattening the paper with the patterns. The sound was sharp. The system had accepted the anomaly, but now it tried to neutralize it.
“You cannot hold back the tide with a collection of mistakes,” Vael said. “I will make the correction permanent. The ledger will absorb the irregularity.”
Dorian pulled the Marginalia from the shelf. It was bound in plain cloth, not leather, and it felt warm to the touch. He flipped it open. The pages were filled not with lists, but with drawings—intricate, detailed pencil sketches of the citizens of Garrens: Tomas laughing, Maren placing her pebbles, Joren concentrating, each one a memory of a human moment. Interspersed were Vael’s own tiny, precise notes: *Irregular joy, cost of balance: minor correction applied. Node stabilization pending.*
“It’s his own ledger of regret,” Sera whispered. “He records the humanity he has to crush.” Dorian looked at Vael, who now looked defeated, his eyes fixed on the open book in Dorian’s hands. Vael was not just an enforcer; he was a silent archivist of the city’s sorrow. He was the ledger’s most tragic servant.
Dorian closed the book, covering the images. “If you correct this, Vael, you erase not just the system’s error, but your own soul. You erase the memory of the cost.”
The tension was agonizing. The hum of the stone outside peaked, a desperate whine. Windows rattled. The city was struggling to maintain the lattice while an anchor node—Vael’s own personal ledger—was exposed. Vael’s correction on Sera’s book was not working. The paper beneath his hand began to heat, the ink blurring, the system rejecting the clean solution.
“There is a way out,” Lysa said quickly. “A clean solution that restores balance without destruction. Find the largest, most stable node. Anchor the instability there. Give the system a permanent scar that it can calculate, a consequence it can log forever.”
Dorian knew what the largest, most stable node was. It wasn't a place or a person. It was the system's own, most fundamental component. The Engine itself.
"Coins tumble in silence, marking the ledger that counts what no one knows."

The city was now acutely aware of their presence. The hum under the stones was a near-constant vibration. Vael was everywhere—not physically, but his corrections were visible in small things: the lamplighter’s route was adjusted, the market stalls were placed in a grid, not an array. Order was being brutally, patiently restored.
They met Lysa at a small tavern near the estuary. She was hunched over her ledger case, her archivist eyes tracing invisible lines. She looked pale. “The pebble,” she whispered. “It created a ripple that Vael cannot easily smooth. It’s an anomaly of high order. It has affected the counting in three districts.” She closed her case with a snap. “This is the dangerous part, Dorian. Vael will not tolerate the arbitrary. He will try to erase you.”
“Where does Vael work?” Dorian asked. “Where is the central node of his corrections?”
“Vael is everywhere,” Lysa insisted. “But he has a place of concentration—a ledger room in the old City Hall. It’s not the mythical Central Ledger, but it’s the place where the official corrections are finalized. It’s where he signs the reassignments.”
Dorian looked at Sera. “We need to go there. We need to introduce a large enough irregularity to break the lattice, not just bend it.”
Sera nodded, her face grim. “If we break the lattice, the city will collapse. It relies on the subtle patterns. The chaos will be worse than the order.” “No,” Dorian countered. “If we fracture the ledger, it will show the price. It will force the hidden cost of the system into the open. It will create a moment of true choice, not merely an assigned one.” They planned their approach through the maze of the city, using the small disruptions Vael had created as cover. The fog still clung to the low parts of Garrens, swallowing their footsteps. They moved by the rhythms of the city’s corrected patterns, exploiting the small hesitations Vael’s order had imposed. They passed the pottery where Joren sat, still carving nines, but now his hands moved with an unnatural speed, an anxiety imposed by the heightened tension in the system.
They reached the City Hall—a dull, gray building, featureless and silent. The ledger room was on the third floor, behind a door that looked no different than any other. Inside, the room was vast and dominated by columns of shelves filled with ledgers—black, leather-bound, silent archives of the city's minor life. Vael sat at a large, empty desk, a single lamp throwing honest shadows. He was not counting, nor writing. He was waiting.
“I expected you,” Vael said, without rising. His voice was calm, a perfect, even tone. “The system predicted your action. It is a predictable ripple.”
“You rewired my friend,” Dorian said, his voice raw. “For a few misplaced letters. For curiosity.” Vael opened a ledger on his desk. “It was necessary to stabilize the node. Tomas’ route was irregular. It caused a minor flicker in the system. The correction was clean. The ledger is not cruel, Mr. Faye. It is efficient.”
Dorian reached into his coat and took out the last of Tomas’ bread, hard and cold. He tossed it onto Vael’s desk. It landed with a soft, dull thud. “This is the consequence. The human cost of your efficiency.”
Vael merely looked at the bread, his face impassive. “A loaf. Easily logged. It’s just another variable.” Sera stepped forward. She placed her own leather-bound ledger on the desk, opening it to a page filled with tiny, intricate drawings—spirals, notches, folds, the exact patterns she had traced across the city. “And what about this?” she asked. “This is the ledger of the mistakes. The errors you tried to erase. The human patterns that refuse to align.”
Vael’s eyes narrowed slightly. He stared at the patterns, and for the first time, a flicker of something like frustration crossed his face. “These are trivialities. Noise.”
“They are nodes,” Lysa said, stepping into the room from the shadows. “And they are connected. The lattice relies on them just as much as on your order. You monitor the corrections. We monitor the deviations.”
Vael finally rose. “You are trying to overload the system. You believe chaos is freedom. It is not. It is collapse.”
Dorian looked around the room, at the shelves upon shelves of ledgers, the silent weight of the city’s recorded life. “Then let’s see the price of stability,” he said. He took a single, deliberate step backward. The floor creaked. The room held its breath. They waited for the inevitable response from the quiet engine of the city.
"Fog swallows the echoes of steps, returning them twisted and half-forgotten."

He woke with the taste of unease and a determination that contained no illusions about what would come next. In Garrens, the ledger had adjusted. It had corrected with a bureaucratic patience that felt clinical and efficient. It had decided the price and paid it slowly, as only a system that has all the time in the world can pay. Dorian had not been punished by spectacle; he had been paid with quiet consequence. He thought of the lattice arching over the city, patient and precise. He thought of Vael’s coat, of Teren’s counting, of Sera... It was a map he was beginning to recognize. The market that morning was thick with fog, the kind that smelled of river iron and buried stone. It muted sounds, softened corners, and allowed for minor errors in perception. The fog was a great insulator. It kept the city quiet.
Sera found him near the river where Maren usually played with her pebbles. The child was gone, but the spirals remained, half-swallowed by the creeping fog. Sera touched one with the tip of her boot. “The system adapts,” she said, her voice a low bell in the quiet. “It makes room for the new nodes by erasing the old ones. Maren’s mother’s memory is now a formal part of the city’s structure.” She didn’t sound pleased. She sounded as if she had just witnessed a burial.
They walked the length of the docks, watching the small, slow movements of the city. Tomas was there, a baker out of place, wearing a dock worker’s heavy apron. He was checking lists against crates with a meticulousness that spoke of Vael’s influence. His hands, made for kneading dough, now counted wood and iron. When he saw Dorian, his smile was strained, a practiced thing. “The work is fine,” he insisted, but the rhythm of his counting was rigid, not the gentle rhythm of his baking. He had been rewired. The ledger, as always, was clean.
Dorian felt a wave of cold purpose settle over him. He was a piece of chaos, and the city was trying to fit him into a pattern. He would not allow it. He would not be rewired. He would find a pattern of his own and force the city to accept it. “We need to see the full architecture,” he said to Sera. “The marginal office is just the margin. Where is the center?”
Sera looked at him sharply. “There is no center. That is the point. The lattice is everywhere. The central office of Virelia is just a larger marginal office. The central office of the nation is another margin. The system has no fixed point. It moves around intention.” She paused. “But there are places where intention is concentrated. They are called hinges.”
They walked toward the old observatory—a forgotten spire that rose above the oldest part of Garrens. It was a place of angles and quiet stone, a node of observation that had once charted stars, but now charted the small things that moved on the ground. The place itself hummed. The door creaked open as if it had been waiting for them. Inside, the dust lay thick on instruments that looked like relics of a grand, failed ambition. The air tasted of ancient paper and cold light.
Upstairs, in the main dome, Teren Vale was counting. He was not counting the stars, nor the files on his desk. He was counting the hinges of the door, the notches on the railing, the screws on the brass plates. He was counting the city’s bones. His count was a low, desperate rhythm. “One—two—three—three—two—one—two—three.” He looked up at them, his eyes empty. “You can’t cheat the count,” he whispered. “The number is honest. It will tell you the cost.”
Sera’s jaw was tight. “Teren is lost to the repetition. The system found his love for order and turned it into a prison.” She stepped closer to Dorian. “We must find the hidden ledger—the one that controls the rhythm.” Dorian watched Teren, feeling a cold pity. He knew what the system wanted: alignment. He knew what it hated: the asymmetrical choice. He took the pebble from his pocket, the one Maren had left, and placed it precisely on Teren’s desk. Teren stopped counting. He stared at the pebble, his rigid rhythm broken. The silence that followed was heavy, a vacuum. Teren reached out a trembling finger and touched the spiral. “Irregular,” he breathed. “The ledger cannot account for this.”
The city reacted. Downstairs, a clock chimed with an unusual frequency. The door of the observatory slammed shut. The hum of the stone outside grew louder, an angry, confused vibration. Dorian felt the lattice tighten around the room, trying to reassert order. They had pushed the system, and it had pushed back. “We have to move,” Sera urged. “We have to leave the irregularity here.” They left Teren alone with the pebble, the counting now a low, broken muttering, the rigid order fractured by a single, inexplicable object. As they left, Dorian saw Vael’s shadow in the alley below, precise and patient, waiting to smooth the new irregularity.
"Pebbles roll in spirals that fold into streets not yet walked, yet remembered."

The market woke slow and deliberate, as if on purpose. Garrens did not allow haste; even hurry became a ritual when the streets timed themselves in small, private ways. Stalls unfolded like careful arguments. Bells chimed with small disagreements in pitch. Stallholders arranged goods so they fit the angles of their booths; bread crusts were always turned toward the light, knives rested with their points away from the crowd. A city of habits had a dignity of its own, and Garrens wore it like a second skin.
Dorian moved through it with the awkward ease of someone who’d learned the map by feeling the stones underfoot. He noticed things other people didn’t—the tilt of a rooftop gutter that drained toward a certain corner, the way a lamplighter always paused thrice before moving on, the small asymmetry in the archway at Cinderfold Gate. He catalogued details like a thief of small moments, not because he meant to steal from them, but because he wanted proof that order could be bent.
Near the center of the market, Tomas had already stacked loaves on a counterchest. The bakery’s scent hung warm and heavy; the heat from the oven painted the air with the memory of yesterday. Tomas worked fast, hands practiced and sure. He had a way of folding dough that made the city’s habitual patterns seem gentle. Yet this morning his smile was precise enough to be measured. He set an extra loaf aside, wrapped it in paper, but paused as if feeling a slight dissonance in the motion. “You’ll catch your breath,” Dorian said, trying to make it sound casual. He pushed a stray hair away from his forehead and watched Tomas’ hand tremble as it reached.
Tomas gave a short laugh that didn’t reach his eyes. “You shouldn’t be here so early. The routes change on steward orders now. Vael’s people came last night to ask about deliveries.” He wiped flour from his fingers and frowned. “They asked the wrong questions, Dorian. They asked things about numbers that don’t belong to my head.” Dorian’s grin faltered. He had expected trouble, but not the kind that sounded like a bookkeeping question aimed at chewable things—loaves, workdays, pay. “Why would they care about your routes?”
Tomas shrugged, and the motion spoke of too much worry. “They always care. Ledger work finds its way. It likes to wrap itself around ordinary hands.” A half-breath passed between them. Tomas slid the wrapped loaf across the counter and forced a stable cheer. “Here. For your breakfast. Put it in that back pocket you call a coat and try not to set the market on fire.” Dorian accepted the loaf like contraband. The bread was warm and honest—like a small reprieve. He tucked it away, more to anchor himself than because he needed food.
Across from the bakery, Joren the potter spun his wheel with the slow obsession of a man who carved his mind into clay. He worked notches in patterns of nine around the rims of his bowls, each one precise. Over the last week the notches had shifted slightly: once they matched his breath, then matched the beat of the lamplighter’s downbeat, then seemed to echo a coin’s fall. Joren did not notice these slippages at first. He didn’t notice that his hands had begun to tremble when the pattern shifted out of sync. He simply crouched over his wheel and carved, the clay listening. “You mark nine,” Dorian said to him, because he liked to speak to people who left a trace. “Why nine?” Joren looked up, surprised, a smear of wet clay across his cheek. “My mother liked nines,” he answered. “Said they were safe. I do them for her.” His thumb pressed another notch into the rim and the wheel hummed. “Keeps her near.”
Calculus I, II, III Brad Walrond man hooded masquerade a museum erected out of paper-mâché stone, blue cotton candied walls hung thick and...